Tyler Muehl, an 18‑year‑old from La Jolla, entered a guilty plea in federal court on Thursday for repeatedly kicking a California sea lion at La Jolla Cove. The plea covers a violation of the Marine Mammal Protection Act, which bars harassment of protected marine mammals.
The incident, captured on a smartphone, shows Muehl approaching a sea lion perched on a seawall, raising his hands as if preparing to box, then delivering four kicks. A by‑stander records the attack while laughing. After the second kick the animal attempted to flee, only to be pursued and kicked a third and fourth time before escaping onto the beach.
US enforcement of marine wildlife laws
The U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of California noted that Muehl admitted the actions and agreed that the video accurately reflects what occurred. He faces a maximum sentence of one year in prison and a fine of US$100,000. Sentencing is set for 20 October.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) officials stressed that intentional striking of a marine mammal is illegal and endangers the animal's health. "Intentionally striking or kicking a marine mammal is not only illegal, it is dangerous for the well‑being of the animal," said Eric Morgan, assistant director of NOAA's Fisheries Office of Law Enforcement West Coast Division.
San Diego Mayor Todd Gloria issued a statement calling the conduct "unacceptable" and praising federal partners for pursuing accountability. He reminded the public that the coastline belongs to everyone and that respecting wildlife is a legal duty.
Implications for Canada
Canada protects sea lions, seals and other marine mammals under the Fisheries Act and its Marine Mammal Regulations, which require a minimum distance of 50 feet from protected species. Enforcement is carried out by Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) and provincial wildlife agencies.
The La Jolla case serves as a reminder for Canadian tourists and coastal residents that similar conduct could trigger criminal charges under Canadian law. DFO has recently increased patrols in British Columbia's coastal waters after a rise in wildlife‑related incidents, and the agency has signalled a willingness to pursue prosecutions that mirror the U.S. approach.
For operators of marine‑tourism businesses, the incident underscores the importance of clear visitor guidelines and active monitoring to prevent harassment. Failure to comply can result in fines, loss of operating licences and reputational damage.
Both countries share a commitment to protecting marine ecosystems, and cross‑border cooperation on enforcement continues through the North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission and other bilateral forums. The outcome of Muehl's sentencing may inform future policy discussions on penalties and public education campaigns aimed at reducing wildlife harassment.
Based on reporting by Global News.